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Breaking Psychological Barriers

Before 1954, running a sub four-minute milerecord speed in the 100 meters, Lewis had
was considered to be impossible according toadvanced  the  long  jump  record  to 28' 7".
physiologists at that time. It was thought
that a four-minute mile was the physicalIn the 1991 World Championships in Tokyo,
limit  of  the  human  body.five days after just setting the world record
in the 100 meters by running it in 9.86
When Englands' Roger Bannister ran a 3:59.4seconds, Lewis' 10-year unbeaten streak in
to break the world record, he not only brokethe long jump came to an end, even though he
a physical barrier but he also broke aput together the greatest series of jumps in
psychological  barrier  as  well.history. Lewis had never before reached 29
feet, and this day he did it three times,
Australian John Landy, who was considered toincluding 29' 2" (wind-aided) and 29' 1"
be the premier miler of that era, was at a(against the wind). But Mike Powell, who had
restaurant in Helsinki when news came to himlost 15 consecutive times to Lewis, unleashed
of  Bannister's  achievement.the longest jump in history -- 29' 4" (8.90
m). Powell had stunned Lewis and the world by
"I had got into this frame (of mind) where Ifinally  beating  the  23  year-old-record.
had easily the best performances. Bannister
had only run 4:02 once. I'd done it sixI've used these two stories from the sports
times. I was staggered. I thought: 'Wow, whatworld to illustrate that the things that
an amazing performance', but I was prettyoften hold us back, are more psychological
positive. I thought if he can run that, maybethan physical. Limiting barriers are more in
I can run it. It certainly raised my sights."our  minds  than  actual  reality.
Six weeks later, Landy, broke Bannisters'Henry  Ford
record  by  running  a  3:58.0.
"If you think you can do a thing or you think
Later that year, in the "Mile of theyou  can't  do  a  thing,  you're  right."
Century", in a race to decide who was the
fastest miler in the world, Bannister ran aYou are not limited by anything except your
3:58.8 to Landys' 3:59.6. It was the firstown limiting thoughts. Many times,
time two men had run sub-four-minutes milespsychological barriers are just arbitrary
in  the  same  race.standards. They could be marks such as
earning $100,000 a year, getting straight A's
By the end of 1957, sixteen runners hadin school, or setting new sales records. Why
accomplished the feat. Now what was thoughtis it we establish these marks? We as human
impossible has become common, at least amongbeings are goal-seeking organisms. We need
elite runners. John Walker of New Zealand ransomething to work towards. A worthy goal
at least a hundred sub-four-minute miles ingives  us  something  to  shoot  for.
his career but American Steve Scott has the
most with 136. The current record in the mileI'm sure Mike Powell, on his way to breaking
is 3:43.13, held by Hicham El Guerrouj ofBob Beamons' record had preliminary goals he
Morocco.had to achieve. He first had to break the 25
foot mark, then the 26 foot mark, and so
Another long-standing psychological barrierforth, until, after years of long training,
in the world of sports was Bob Beamons'spurred on by stiff competition from Carl
incredible long jump of 29' 4 1/2" (8.90 m)Lewis, he put it all together to break one of
in the 1968 Olympics. Beamon didn't just setthe  greatest  records  in  sports  history.
the world record. He demolished it. In a
sport where records are broken by inches andMany times we don't achieve our goals or
seconds, Beamon shattered the record byobjectives because we believe they are beyond
nearly two feet. He not only became the firstour reach. When we see someone obtain some
man to jump over 29 feet but he was also thegreat achievement, we think it looks so easy.
first  man  to  jump  over  28  feet.We just don't see the long years of hard work
that got them there. Great achievements take
Oddly enough, Beamons' coach at the '68time, no matter what field you are in.
Olympics was Ralph Boston. In 1960, BostonWorking toward your goal requires a lot of
had broken Jesse Owens long jump record setfaith because you just don't know whether it
in 1935. It had held for 25 years. From 1960will all pay off. Goals are not reached
to 1967, the record had only advanced by 8 1without struggle. Long-range goals require
2"  inches.great  endurance  of  faith  and persistence.
Beamons' incredible leap was thought to be aBreaking down our psychological barriers
freak accident that would never beoften comes down to trying one more time,
duplicated. It was an accomplishment that wastrying a different approach or adjusting your
totally beyond Beamons' or anyone else'smethods just the right way. It's for sure;
ability at that time. Beamon never came closeyou will never get past your roadblocks
to that mark again. It was considered to bewithout  trying.
the  athletic  feat  of  all  time.
Success comes to those who overcome
In the late eighties, Carl Lewis had begun toobstacles, conquers adversity and never gives
creep closer to Beamons' mark. With his worldup.



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